Social conflict continues to pose a significant challenge within Indonesia's heterogeneous society and may undermine regional stability if inadequately addressed. In this regard, local authorities are legally required to manage social conflicts encompassing prevention, resolution, and post-conflict rehabilitation, as stipulated in Law Number 7 of 2012 (PKS). This study employs a normative (doctrinal) legal methodology, utilising both statutory and conceptual frameworks, to analyse the breadth of local government powers and the associated governance implications, with human security serving as the analytical perspective. Findings indicate that execution is often hindered by constraints such as restricted financial resources, limited human resource capabilities, insufficient cross-sectoral collaboration, and uneven comprehension of the legal framework despite explicit statutory directives. Such deficiencies compromise human security outcomes, affecting public safety, social cohesion, protection of vulnerable populations, and the long-term stability of communities. Enhancing institutional capacities, strengthening coordination mechanisms, and fostering synergies between central and local governments, while integrating customary institutions and utilising social capital, are critical for achieving effective, sustainable, and equitable management of social conflict.